The past is past. Hit rough financial times? It's understandable- you may be feeling pretty crummy right now. But keeping yourself locked inside blame and despair- either directed at yourself, or possibly, your partner- is not going to be your way back to financial order in your life. And with Thanksgiving one week away, how about a fresh look at your situation- dare I say there may be something for which you can be grateful? It's time to move on, and take some action, with a plan outlined by "The Money Lady", Suze Orman, writing for Oprah.com.
1. No Blame, No Shame
The foundation of a financial
fresh start actually has nothing to do with money or specific financial
dos and don'ts. The first, and most difficult, step is to absolve
yourself and your spouse or partner of any guilt. Make a promise: agree that the past is past, and you are
going to focus on the future. Whatever mistakes you feel you have made
with money, whatever moves you wish you had or hadn't made, are
irrelevant. You are free to move forward only when you remove the
emotional shackles of regret. This cleansing step is especially
important for couples. You are in this together, so no finger-pointing
or arguing about any past decisions. Deal? Deep breath,
everyone. Exhale. Now you are ready to put your financial house in
order.
2. Take a Snapshot of Your Finances
It's impossible to map out a route to your destination if you don't
know where you're starting from. So let's take a "before" picture of
your finances. If you've read Suze's advice, or seen her on TV, you've heard her say this many times- open every single financial statement—bank, credit card, mortgage,
401(k), brokerage account—and take a look. Only when you have
everything in front of you can you set priorities about what to do
next. If you're vexed by your checking account (you swear you should
have more money; you can never figure out why your checks bounce),
start fresh by opening a new one. Leave enough in your existing account
to cover any checks that haven't yet been processed, then transfer the
rest to the new account and close the old one. Next, sign up for online
banking. It should be free, and as long as you use your home computer,
it's also safe. The advantage of online banking is that you can pay
bills very fast, and your account is automatically credited or debited
for each deposit and payment, making it easier to stay on track.
3. Adopt a Foolproof Credit Card Strategy
Make this the year you tackle that credit card debt once and for all.
Doing so will make you and your family stronger and happier—forever.
What happens to the stock market and the housing market is completely
beyond your control. Credit card debt, however, is completely within
your control. Every time you pay off a card with a 15 percent interest
rate, you get a 15 percent return on your money.
See if you
can qualify for a balance transfer card that offers a low or 0 percent
introductory interest rate for the first six to 12 months. If you can
get a good deal, move your high-rate debt to that new card. Do not use
the card for any new charges, and push yourself hard to pay off the
balance as soon as possible. If you don't qualify, no worries. Always
pay the minimum due on each card, on time, every month. Whenever
possible, send in some extra money on the card that charges the highest
interest rate. Your goal is to get the costliest balance paid off
first. When the first card is cleared, direct your payments to the card
with the next highest interest rate. Keep doing this until you've
zeroed out the balances on all your cards.
4. Try Harder to Save
When Suze suggests that
people send in more money to pay off credit card balances or increase
the amount they save each month for retirement, she says she often hears the same sad
story: "Oh, Suze, I would if I could, but I can't because there's no
extra money left at the end of the month." And here comes Suze with another challenge to your thinking: that there's no
money left because you haven't evaluated your spending habits. And here's where Suze implores folks who have "nothing left" to dig deep and be willing to change some habits; to set goals and use
those goals as the motivation for lifestyle changes that will allow you
to save and invest. Take a clear-eyed look at your credit card
statements for the past six months. Are you absolutely certain that there
isn't at least $50 or $100 showing up that you could have done without? Suze calls this "hidden money," and here's how you can
find it.
Try to reduce every one of your monthly
utility bills by 10 percent. Change your calling plan or get rid of the
landline account unless you absolutely need it. Dial back the platinum
cable package to silver. Trim your utilities by
spending one afternoon increasing your home's energy efficiency: attach
a draft-blocking guard to the bottom of any external doors; add caulk
or weatherproofing material around drafty windows; put low-flow
aerators on your showerheads and faucets; and replace burned-out bulbs
with compact fluorescent energy savers (they're pricier than
conventional bulbs but last much longer, saving you money over the long
term).
Cars are another great place to save. Plan on driving
yours for at least seven to ten years (regular tune-ups will help keep
it running longer). Consider buying a used or certified pre-owned car
rather than a brand new one. If you get a three-year loan, you have
plenty of life left in your car, and money that once went to car
payments is freed up for other financial needs. And avoid
leasing. Since you don't own the car, you never have a time when you
are driving your car free and clear. Also, raising your deductible or
designating one car to be used for low-mileage driving (under 15,000
miles a year) can reduce your insurance premiums by 15 percent or more.
5. Separate Savings from Investments
Now it's time to move on to how you put your money to work for you
and your family. There is a vital difference between money
you need to save and money you need to invest, Suze adamantly believes, yet sees that it's a distinction
many people don't grasp. Money you know you need or want to spend in
the next few years is savings. Money you keep handy for an emergency
belongs in savings. Money you hope to use soon for a down payment on a
house belongs in savings. And all savings belong in a low-risk bank
savings account or money market account. The goal is to keep your money
safe so that when you go to use it, it will be there.
Money
you won't need to use for at least seven years is money for investing.
The goal here is to have your account grow over time to help you
finance a distant goal, such as building a retirement fund. Since your
goal is in the future, money for investing belongs in stocks. Later in the article, she explains, the potential inflation-beating returns that only stocks
can deliver make them the right choice for a successful long-term
investment strategy.
6. Know Your Credit Score
The big takeaway
from the meltdown of 2008 is that banks are going to be a lot less
eager to lend money to you. You will need a sparkling financial
personality: a FICO score above 700, solid verifiable income, a
manageable amount of existing debt—to get good offers for credit cards,
auto loans, mortgages, and refinancings. And you can expect lenders to
continue to tighten the screws on your existing credit lines; all the
credit they loved to give you before 2008 now makes them nervous. You can pay to get
your credit score by going to MyFico.com. If your score is below 700,
two of the best ways to improve it are to pay your bills on time and
push yourself to reduce your credit card balances.
7. Evaluate Your Retirement Plan
If your 401(k) and Roth IRA lost value in 2008, that's a good sign. It
means you were invested in stocks, and that's exactly where you should
be invested—assuming your retirement is at least a decade away. Only
stocks offer the chance of high returns that outpace the annual 3 to 4
percent inflation rate. In your 20s and 30s, aim to keep 80 percent in
stocks and just 20 percent in bonds; you have time to ride out stock
swings. As you age, slowly ramp up the percentage in bonds; in your 50s
and 60s, consider keeping 40 percent or more in bonds to help boost your
portfolio when stocks are slumping. Suze believes that a big mistake you can make is
to stop investing in your retirement accounts or to shift money from
stocks into "safe" money market accounts.
Instead of
worrying that your account is down, remember that your money buys more
shares of your retirement funds. The more shares you own now, the more
you will make when the market recovers. Buy and hold is the way to go.
Here's some perspective: The 2008 market slide is the tenth bear market
(commonly accepted as a decline of at least 20 percent) since 1950. If
you'd put your money in stocks in 1950 and stayed invested through the
ups and downs, your average annual return through 2007 would have been
more than 10 percent. That's not to say you can count on an average of
10 percent over the next 50 or so years (7 to 8 percent is probably
more realistic), but it illustrates how keeping focused on the long
term pays off.
8. Diversify Your Assests
Try to reduce any
company stock you own in your 401(k) to less than 10 percent of your
total retirement assets. Just ask employees of Enron, Bear Stearns,
Merrill Lynch, and Washington Mutual how smart it was to make big bets
on their own stock. Mutual funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs) are
ideal for retirement savings because they own dozens of stocks in their
portfolios.
If you're flummoxed by all the investing options
in your 401(k), look for a "target retirement" or "life cycle" fund.
Then pick the specific portfolio that dovetails with your expected
retirement age and you're all set; you will be invested in a mix of
stock and bond funds appropriate for your age. You can also invest your
Roth IRA in these types of funds; Fidelity, T. Rowe Price, and Vanguard
all offer these one-and-done options.
9. Don't Obsess Over Your Home's Value
If you own a house and can afford the mortgage, consider yourself
lucky. Try to love your home for what it is: a haven for you and your
family, not a path to riches. Unless you bought at the height of the
market in a super-popular region that has gone Ice Age–cold, you're
going to be fine. And even if you did buy at the peak, if you plan on
staying put for five to 10 years, the real estate market will recover
with time. But understand: A home is not an investment that will
fund your retirement or vacations. The 10 or 20 percent annual gains
during the housing boom were temporary insanity. Buy a house you can
really afford, and over time it will rise in value. But its main value
is as a home. Period.
If you got caught buying into the
housing bubble and are now in mortgage trouble, talk to the lender
about your options. Don't raid your retirement accounts to keep up with
the payments. What happens when the retirement accounts run dry? You
still won't be able to cover the mortgage, and you will have lost all
your future security.
10. Protect Your Family—and Your Nest Egg
If
there is anyone dependent on your income—parents, children,
relatives—you need life insurance. For the vast majority of us, term
life insurance is all we need, because it protects you for the "term"
of the policy (from five to 30 years) and is incredibly inexpensive. As
always, it's important to buy a policy from a firm with a strong
financial rating, but even if an insurance company runs into trouble,
your state insurance department has funds set aside to help protect
you. Set as another goal for yourself to get your estate papers in order. You should
have a living revocable trust (this document spells out how your assets
should be distributed) with an incapacity clause, as well as a will.
Also, have an "advance medical directive" in place that tells your
doctors the type of care you want if you become unable to speak for
yourself.
Finally, every family should have an emergency
savings account that can cover at least eight months of living
expenses, and even if you aren't bringing in the majority of income, it's important to have your own personal savings
account that could support you for at least three months, as a just in case. The best place for your savings is an FDIC-insured bank (or
a credit union backed by the National Credit Union Share Insurance
Fund). If you keep less than $100,000 at an FDIC bank, no matter what
happens to the bank, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (part of
the U.S. government) will make sure you get every penny back. Online
banks that are FDIC insured are just as safe as the bank downtown.
(Please note: The emergency federal legislation passed last October
increased the FDIC insurance limit to $250,000 through December 2009.
But to be extra safe, keep no more than $100,000 in any single bank.)
Everyone one of us can be in control of his or her own financial destiny- no matter what the future holds. What a thing of value- and some of the best goals you could set for yourself to start before the end of this year, and conquer in the next!
Hope your weekend is grand!
John
Email John: johnsblog@teshmedia.com
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